Autophagy

- Professor Yu Seong-woon’s team identifies a novel role of the “p53” gene that controls chronic stress-induced brain disorders - Successful prevention of depression and memory impairment using the anticancer drug “RITA”: a novel concept of mental disorder treatment is expected - Published in “Autophagy”—the world’s leading academic journal in the field of autophagy

Pink1-mediated Parkin activation is insufficient to allow Parkin binding to dysfunctional mitochondria in NME3-defective cells. NME3-regulated lipid signal separates mitochondria from endoplasmic reticulum tethering for PINK1-mediated Parkin binding on depolarized mitochondria.

A team of researchers from Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University has identified the Drosophila Cul2 substrate adaptor DmZer1 as a key regulator of protein quality control, acting at the intersection of two major cellular “cleanup systems”: autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Interestingly, lowering DmZer1 levels activates the Cnc/Nrf2 stress-response pathway, which in turn strengthens the cell’s ability to defend itself against oxidative stress.

National Taiwan University researchers uncover how silencing a single protein protects the brain and extends lifespan.

Scientists identified a protein that regulates cellular clean-up, could also hold the key to new treatments for age-related muscle loss and muscle wasting in cancer patients, enhancing quality of life.

In a recent study published in Autophagy, researchers at Kanazawa University show how abnormalities in a gene called TPR can lead to pediatric brain cancer

Professor Eun-Kyoung Kim’s team in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences discovered the mechanism underlying the regulation of energy metabolism by hypothalamic tanycyte. Proposed a new research direction to develop an enhanced obesity treatment.

An international team of researchers, affilated with UNIST has identified a new gene that causes drug resistance against Novartis’s breakthrough cancer drug, Gleevec (Active ingredient: imatinib).

Chronic stress induces autophagic death of adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs). Expected to offer new opportunities for development of early treatment options for stress-associated brain diseases.

Korean researchers have identified the inhibition of autophagy in microglia, brain immune cells. It is expected to help develop treatments for Alzheimer’s diseases which occur due to the inhibition of autophagy.

Researchers at Tohoku University have found that plants activate autophagy in their leaf cells to derive amino acids that are used for survival under energy-starved “hunger” conditions. The findings show that amino acid utilization in plants can be controlled by the manipulation of autophagy.

People should be able to read scientists’ research papers for free, and governments and universities should evaluate researchers based on the merits on their work, and not by which journals their findings are published in.

A team in South Korea has opened a new horizon of aging recovery research by changing the irreversibility paradigm of aging. The research team was the world’s first to confirm that as cell aging progresses.

A research team of the School of Chinese Medicine of Hong Kong Baptist University has discovered a novel autophagy regulator for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease and was granted a US patent for the study.

This is Part 1 of an article written by Sang Chul Park, chair professor at Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) and the Well Aging Research Center in South Korea. Sang Chul Park discusses about aging revolution, pursuit for human longevity and well aging.

Korean researchers show how our brain activates self-destruct mechanisms when it is low on energy to regulate appetite.

(Tokyo, 16 May, 2013) Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology report details on the biological mechanisms through which cells degrade own cellular material, allowing them to survive starvation conditions.

A freely swimming jellyfish replica made from silicone polymer and rat heart cells is reported this week in Nature Biotechnology. The study, which advances a quantitative and system-level approach to tissue engineering, provides new insights into the design of muscular pumps.

A study led by Associate Prof. Kenji Nakahara at Hokkaido University in Japan has found　a component in tobacco that makes crop immune systems more resistant to viral attacks.

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This press release contains:

Summaries of newsworthy papers: The proteomes of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells; Curtailing cancer-induced epilepsy; Light squeezed in the search for gravitational waves; Human allergy-prone cells; Genetic variants associated with blood pressure traits and more

In Nature China this month - Molecular neuroscience: Choosing your mate; Nanomaterials: Drip, drop, quantum dot; Public health: Better safe than sorry; Composites: Graphene foam.

Summaries of newsworthy papers - Nature: Role of microRNA uncovered for HIV control; Medicine: A new target for chronic asthma; Physics: Quantum effects of gravity probed; Geoscience: The source of toxic mercury; Nature: Targeting RORs to ameliorate autoimmune disease; And finally…Materials: Killer carriers for malignant cells

Summaries of newsworthy papers - Neuroscience: Learning to see; Chemical Biology: Antimicrobials from all sides; Methods: Simplifying stem cell culture; Geoscience: Tropical Pacific warms West Antarctica; Immunology: Inflammation drives diabetes

Summaries of newsworthy papers - Astrophysics: How the Sun loses its spots; Climate science: Local impact of insolation on climate variation; Quantum physics: Another role for Bose–Einstein condensates; And finally… The double life of annelid worms.

Summaries of newsworthy papers - Geoscience: Variable melting of Himalayan glaciers; Immunology: Antibody diversity linked to gut mucosal defense; Geoscience: Coal contribution to Permian extinction; Chemical Biology: An inhibitor sneaks in; And finally…Neuroscience: Strengthening memories during sleep.

Summaries of newsworthy papers - Neuroscience: Synaptic loss in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease; Methods: Peering deep into the lung; Nanotechnology: Tissue engineering—how nanotechnology fits in; Geoscience: Heatwaves and soil moisture; Nature: The origin of Saturn’s rings