Peer Reviewed

Using real-world information written in Japanese, large language model displays accuracy on par with neuroradiologists

A gene that limits cellular damage could be the key to surviving prolonged cold exposure.

Tohoku University’s Dr. Le Bin Ho has explored how quantum squeezing can improve measurement precision in complex quantum systems, with potential applications in quantum sensing, imaging, and radar technologies. These findings may lead to advancements in areas like GPS accuracy and early disease detection through more sensitive biosensors.

A study on factors that contribute to population changes based on city size

Distinguished Professor Nae-Lih Wu and his research team from NTU Chemical Engineering Department recently published a review paper- "Lithium-ion Battery Electrolyte Additives: Classification by Elements" in a top-ranked international journal: Progress in Materials Science (2023 IF: 33.6)

Scientists identified a protein that regulates cellular clean-up, could also hold the key to new treatments for age-related muscle loss and muscle wasting in cancer patients, enhancing quality of life.

The discovery of a stable single-electron covalent bond between two carbon atoms validates a century-old theory.

The Androgen Receptor in Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Drives Skeletal Muscle Mass Regulation

By targeting multiprotein molecule, antibody inhibits bacteria’s growth, pathogenicity

Study shows that ancient reef-building stromatoporoids survived the Late Devonian extinction and continued to thrive during the Carboniferous Period

• Two-year assessment provides critical insights and recommendations for strengthening genomic sequencing for infectious disease surveillance in 13 South and Southeast Asian countries. • Research helps to step up Asia’s preparedness across wide range of diseases.

Propylene production harnesses biodiesel waste byproduct

Analyzing fossils can be difficult – especially when they're so small that they can only be seen with a microscope. Researchers at Tohoku University have come up with a solution.

A research team from Osaka University has discovered a novel mechanism essential for initiating autophagy. The study highlights the role of ZDHHC13, an enzyme that palmitoylates ULK1, in triggering autophagy. This discovery sheds light on the molecular pathways involved in autophagy and their implications for diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging-related conditions.

Researchers from Osaka University studied the neurological control applied to human walking that maintains the correct relationship between the leg positions. They found that the rhythm of each leg continues independently unless they become too far out of phase. This work can lead to better care for people who have difficulty walking due to age or neurological issues.

Incidence, risk factors found for pulmonary aspergillosis, an invasive fungal infection of lungs, among COVID-19 patients

A research group has developed a new COVID-19 testing system using Janus particles—microparticles with two sides possessing distinctive molecular properties. These particles are engineered to bind specifically to target antigens, such as viral proteins, creating a low-cost, accurate, and rapid means of testing for viral diseases. The system’s versatility means it can potentially be used to test for other diseases and biomarkers linked to other conditions.

Researchers at Tohoku University developed a Martian atmospheric evolution model to propose a new theory about Mars’ past.

Researchers from Osaka University found that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are fatter and shorter than their antibiotic-sensitive parental strains, and that these morphological changes correlate with changes in the expression of genes related to energy metabolism and antibiotic resistance. A machine learning approach was able to distinguish between antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive bacteria in the absence of drug treatment based on microscope images, suggesting that bioinformatics could be used to detect antibiotic resistance in patient samples.

Light-induced immunoassay coated with novel coronavirus spike proteins found highly sensitive even with weak light like a laser pointer

• Professor Oh Sehoon becomes the third Korean to be appointed to the Managing Committee of IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics. • Senior Researcher Kim Sangdong is named an IEEE Senior Member, a distinction awarded to only 10% of all IEEE members. • This achievement holds great significance for both domestic academia and industry and is expected to enhance DGIST’s international profile.

- DGIST hosts the “University Innovation Forum: Out of the Box” to redefine the future role of universities and discuss the direction of university innovation. - Innovation leaders from top global universities, including the Pro Vice-Chancellor for Innovation from Oxford University and President of Minerva University, get together.

- Founded in 2004 as a national research institute, DGIST has grown into a research-focused university with 1,800 enrolled students and 800 faculty and staff members as of 2024 - DGIST's 5th President, Kunwoo Lee, firmly commits to leading the university towards becoming a prestigious global institution under the motto, "Shaping the Future Together, Global DGIST."

Altermagnetism (AM) is an emerging type of magnetism, combining advantages of both antiferromagnetism (AFM) and ferromagnetism (FM), with no net magnetization and spin-splitting Fermi surfaces. It is ideal material for spintronic applications. In our work, we studied the inverse altermagnetic spin-splitting effect (IASSE) in epitaxial RuO2 film capped by ferromagnetic insulator YIG layer. By injecting a spin current from YIG into RuO2, we observed a significant anisotropic spin to charge conversion with spin index parallel or perpendicular to the Néel vector directions, revealing the inverse altermagnetic spin-splitting effect (IASSE) in RuO2. Furthermore, we verify the ordering of the Néel vector along the [001] direction from magnetization measurements. Our study provides critical insights in the understanding of altermagnetism.

A recent study from Osaka University reveals that intensive diabetes treatment can improve periodontal disease inflammation. Researchers found that two weeks of intensive diabetes treatment under hospitalization for patients with type 2 diabetes significantly improved not only blood sugar control but also PISA, an indicator of gum disease inflammation. Furthermore, the improvement in PISA was related to factors such as insulin secretion capacity and the severity of diabetes complications and comorbidities before diabetes treatment. These findings suggest that early intervention in diabetes is crucial for improving gum disease in diabetic patients.

Med-DDPM, a diffusion model, generates high-resolution 3D brain MRIs from masks, addressing data scarcity and privacy concerns in medical imaging.

Researchers from Osaka University found that T cells recognize neoself-antigens––abnormal, unfolded host proteins presented by major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) lacking the invariant chain––as non-self antigens, leading to the development of autoimmunity. Reactivation of Epstein–Barr virus, a known risk factor for lupus onset and exacerbation, increases the presentation of neoself-antigens by MHC-II, which could help explain the link between viral infection and autoimmune disease.

A better understanding of how cells regulate their membranes could lead to new treatments for diseases such as epilepsy and anemia.

Mutant microalgae produce wax esters for biofuel feedstock with improved cold flow

Whether immunotherapy or conventional chemotherapy carries less mortality risk depends on BMI