Medicine
News
19 Dec 2007
A new method of analysing placental RNA in maternal plasma enables non-invasive prenatal detection of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy
17 Dec 2007
A standard laboratory tool for measuring pharmacological activity of biological substances and performing other related tests may soon be replaced by a new miniaturized bioassay that will be faster, cheaper and more efficient for scientists to use, with new technology developed by Singapore's Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN).
16 Dec 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers in Nature research journals including: Meteoritic boost to biodiversity?, In the right direction, Silicon nanowires stay current, Genetic risk factor for ALS, Genetic susceptibility to Kawasaki disease, A pathway controlling body temperature, and Control of EGFR in breast cancer cell invasion
14 Dec 2007
Japanese biologists identify a protein critical to the normal development of the embryonic brain
12 Dec 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers including: Mammals: Patterns of evolution, Remote control of tropical cyclones, A rotating ring current around Saturn, Fathoming giant rogue waves, Books: Seasonal kids' special, A gallery of protein pumps, Space: Halo halo, New compound comes out of the cool, and Why pregnant women don’t tip over
12 Dec 2007
Homosexual men in China who seek sexual partners both on the Internet and in venues that traditionally attract homosexuals are at the highest risk of HIV transmission
09 Dec 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers including: Complementing IPCC, Cooling the Cretaceous greenhouse, The pulse of the San Andreas, Re-examining firefly bioluminescence, Silicon nanowires restore optical signals, How protein modules fit together, Compact synchrotron demonstrated, Pathway to breast cancer, You must remember this & Romancing the fly
07 Dec 2007
The first wave of cells giving rise to an early stem cell population are derived from cells of the neural tube
07 Dec 2007
Discovering the structure of a key protein in human cells may lead to treatment for asthma and shock
05 Dec 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers including: Tracking volcanic activity on the Moon, Space: How close is too close? Joined-up thinking on bird flu, Cancer: A double agent exposed, Cinderella science, A quantum-dot light switch, Ancient magma ocean under Earth's mantle?, Snowball versus slushball, Are you a man or a mouse?
05 Dec 2007
China's rapid economic development has accelerated biological invasion and more from Nature China this week
02 Dec 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers in Nature journals including: Restoring bacterial killing in cystic fibrosis, Bad to the bone, Run away from your depression, Genetic risk factor for psoriasis, Genetic variants predispose to lupus, and Fuelling allergic inflammation
30 Nov 2007
Shinya Yamanaka and colleagues show how to convert adult mouse or human skin cells into cells that resemble embryonic stem cells without using the tumour-causing gene c-Myc. Elimination of c-Myc is considered a critical step in making these so-called ‘reprogrammed’ cells safe for clinical applications in patients.
30 Nov 2007
Mutant mice that hop like rabbits are helping scientists to identify proteins that mediate the nervous system
28 Nov 2007
In Nature China this week - The scorpion toxin makes a fungal insecticide a lot more deadly and Computer simulations reveal how a bat uses its nostrils to emit sounds
28 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers in Nature including - Malaria: Molecular insight into clinical severity, Metabolism: New compounds offer promise for diabetes treatment, Cell biology: Architecture of the cell, Genomics: Rearranging genomes, Materials: Keeping an eye on guest behaviour, And finally... A new role for p53
25 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers in Nature research journals including Neural crest stem cells on tap, Mutation identified in neurodegenerative disorder, Immune delivery service and Normal cells lead tumour cell invasion
23 Nov 2007
A recently developed experimental system provides new insight into how tiny RNA molecules keep a rein on gene activity
21 Nov 2007
In Nature China this week - The northward transport of nutrient-rich waters through the Bering Strait could act as negative feedback on global warming and plants can be genetically engineered to stunt the growth of insect pests
21 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers include Ageing: A long and happy life, Environment: Browning of lakes and streams, Feature: Grand challenges in non-communicable diseases, Genetics: Insight into wood-munching termites, Earth science: Giant landslide, giant debris and finally... Babies weigh up the social situation
18 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers include More single photons, Neural networks organise themselves, Gene prevents sudden death in mice after infection, Optimistic neurons, How the visual system grows up, Suppressing allergy and Getting attached to measles
16 Nov 2007
A combination of experimental and theoretical approaches may help explain the molecular mechanics underlying each muscle contraction
16 Nov 2007
Researchers isolate and devise a way to produce progenitors of cells essential for ovarian follicle maturation
14 Nov 2007
A method of reprogramming rhesus macaque adult fibroblasts into embryonic stem cells using somatic cell nuclear transfer is presented in Nature this week.
14 Nov 2007
In Nature China this week, scientists in China have isolated a protein from peanut seeds that has antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer activities while scientists in Hong Kong have demonstrated the possibility of a three-dimensional cloaking device for sound.
11 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers include Testing time, A new virulence mechanism for MRSA, Genetic mutation in familial aortic aneurysm, Regulating immune suppression, Stalling chemotherapy damage, Controlling protein stability in parasites
09 Nov 2007
Researchers have revealed how two closely related proteins trigger opposing effects in developing roots
09 Nov 2007
Japanese researchers have identified a subset of cells they believe may induce the formation of a network of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in the spleen and lymph nodes.
07 Nov 2007
Summaries of newsworthy papers include Atmospheric science: Detecting ozone intrusions, Planetary science: Saturn’s radio clock, Development: How the body builds an asymmetric aorta, Quantum physics: The perfect couple and finally…Be not afraid
07 Nov 2007
In Nature China this week - People at risk of cardiovascular disease can improve the condition of their blood vessels and carotid arteries by consuming soy products and scientists have validated an improved technique for detecting the early stages of kidney disease in Chinese patients
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Giants in history
Michiaki Takahashi (17 February 1928 – 16 December 2013) was a Japanese virologist who developed the first chickenpox vaccine.
Irene Ayako Uchida’s (8 April 1917 – 30 July 2013) strides to understand genetic diseases such as Down syndrome paved the way for early screening of chromosomal abnormalities in foetuses.
Baron Kitasato Shibasaburo (29 January 1856 – 13 June 1931) was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist whose work led to a new understanding of preventing and treating tetanus, diphtheria and anthrax.
Maggie Lim (5 January 1913 – November 1995) was a Singaporean physician who promoted family planning and expanded the access to clinics to improve the quality of life for mothers and children in Singapore’s early days.
By isolating soil microorganisms and studying the compounds they produce, Satoshi Omura (born 1935) discovered almost 500 organic compounds with unique properties that were produced by these microorganisms, including many new antibiotics.
The founder of the Adyar Cancer Institute in India, Muthulakshmi Reddy (30 July 1886 – 22 July 1968), fought to uplift women and girls from impoverished situations.
Chinese-American virologist and molecular biologist Flossie Wong-Staal (27 August 1946 – 8 July 2020) was the first scientist to clone HIV and determine the function of its genes.
Maharani Chakravorty (1937 – 2015) was one of India’s earliest molecular biologists whose research paved the way for advances in the treatment of bacterial and viral infections.
Archana Sharma (16 February 1932 - 14 January 2008) conducted research into plant and human genetics that expanded the understanding of both botany and human health. In relation to botany, she uncovered the means by which asexually-reproducing plants evolve into new species.
The first Thai woman to receive a degree in medicine, Margaret Lin Xavier (29 May 1898 – 6 December 1932), is best remembered for her compassion towards her less privileged patients.
In 1915, pathologist Katsusaburo Yamagiwa and his research assistant Koichi Ichikawa became the first to prove that chronic exposure to chemicals can cause cancer.
In 1915, Koichi Ichikawa along with pathologist Katsusaburo Yamagiwa became the first to prove that chronic exposure to chemicals can cause cancer.
Husband and wife team, Kimishige (3 December 1925 – 6 July 2018) and Teruko Ishizaka (28 September 1926 – 4 June 2019) discovered the antibody class Immunoglobulin E (IgE) that triggers allergic reactions. They also discovered that IgE antibodies attach to white blood cells, known as mast cells, releasing histamine, which causes allergic reactions.
Husband and wife team, Kimishige (3 December 1925 – 6 July 2018) and Teruko Ishizaka (28 September 1926 – 4 June 2019) discovered the antibody class Immunoglobulin E (IgE) that triggers allergic reactions. They also discovered that IgE antibodies attach to white blood cells, known as mast cells, releasing histamine, which causes allergic reactions.
Japanese chemist Takamine Jokichi (3 November 1854 – 22 July 1922) founded the Tokyo Artificial Fertilizer Company, where he isolated a starch-digesting enzyme (named takadiastase) from the fungus Aspergillus oryzae.
Ground-breaking cancer researcher Kamal Jayasing Ranadive (8 November 1917 – 11 April 2001) advanced the understanding of the causes of leukaemia, breast cancer and oesophageal cancer through the use of animal models. She was also among the first to recognise how susceptibility to cancer is linked to tumour-causing interactions between hormones and viruses.
The research of Filipino pharmaceutical chemist Luz Oliveros-Belardo (3 November 1906 – 12 December 1999) focussed on essential oils and other chemicals derived from native Philippine plants.
Thai physician and conservationist Boonsong Lekagul (1907 – 1992) made major contributions to the preservation of his country’s wildlife.
Indian scientist and physician Upendranath Brahmachari (19 December 1873–6 February 1946) is best known for creating a drug called Urea Stibamine, used to safely and reliably treat visceral leishmaniasis (or Kala-azar), a severe infection caused by the Leishmania parasite.
Filipino chemist and pharmacist Manuel A. Zamora (29 March 1870 – 9 July 1929) is best remembered for his discovery of the tiki-tiki formula to combat beriberi, a disease caused by Vitamin B1 deficiency.
Korean parasitologist Seung-Yull Cho (16 November 1943 – 27 January 2019) is remembered largely for his pioneering works to control infections caused by helminthic parasites and his contribution to journal publishing.
Fe Villanueva del Mundo (27 November 1911 – 6 August 2011) was a Filipina paediatrician who founded the Philippines’ first paediatric hospital.
After witnessing death and suffering as a youth in his home village during World War II, Nguyễn Tài Thu (6 April 1931 – 14 February 2021) set his sights on alleviating pain by becoming a doctor. After studying Traditional Chinese Medicine in China in the 1950s, Thu returned to Vietnam to serve in military hospitals. Eventually, he became the country’s foremost practitioner of acupuncture, a technique he first learned by inserting needles into himself.
Minoru Shirota (April 23, 1899 – March 10, 1982) was a Japanese microbiologist who invented the popular fermented drink Yakult.
Wu Lien-teh (10 March 1879 – 21 January 1960) was a Malaysian-born doctor who invented a mask that effectively suppressed disease transmission. Winning the prestigious Queen’s Scholarship enabled Wu to become the first Chinese student to study medicine at the University of Cambridge.
David T. Wong (born 1936) is a Hong Kong-born American neuroscientist who is best known for discovering the antidepressant drug fluoxetine, better known as Prozac.
Indian organic chemist Asima Chatterjee (1917 to 2006) studied the medicinal properties of plant products, especially compounds known as vinca alkaloids.
Chika Kuroda (24 March 1884 – 8 November 1968) was a Japanese chemist whose research focussed on the structures of natural pigments.
Umetaro Suzuki (7 April 1874 – 20 September 1943) was a Japanese scientist best remembered for his research on beriberi, a disease caused by vitamin B1 deficiency, characterized by limb stiffness, paralysis and pain.
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui (19 October 1897 – 14 April 1994) was an artist and chemist from Pakistan whose research focused on natural products from plants.
Barry Paw (29 August 1962 – 28 December 2017) was a biologist and oncologist who discovered several novel genes and their functions in red blood cells.
Syed Qasim Mehdi (13 February 1941 – 28 September 2016) was a Pakistani molecular biologist who was a founding member of the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP), which assessed human diversity by studying human migration, mutation rates, relationships between different populations, genes involved in height and selective pressure.
Tsai-Fan Yu (1911 – 2 March 2007) was a Chinese-American physician and researcher who was the first female full professor at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. She discovered that gout, a condition characterized by the painful inflammation of joints, was caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the bloodstream.
Min Chueh Chang (10 October 1908 – 5 June 1991) was a Chinese-American biologist who studied fertilization in mammalian reproduction.
A Japanese surgeon, Tetsuzo Akutsu (20 August 1922 – 9 August 2007) built the first artificial heart capable of keeping an animal alive.
Ogino Ginko (3 March 1851 – 23 June 1913) was the first registered female doctor to practise modern medicine in Japan.
Esther Park (1877-1910), born Kim Jeom-dong, was the first female Korean physician to practise modern medicine in Korea and trained the first generation of Korean female doctors.